SM-I Syllabus       SM-II-Syllabus        SM-III Syllabus              SM- Introduction                                    

         An Introduction to The Sermon on the Mount

 The Setting of the Sermon on the Mount

 The Sermon on the Mount was delivered during Jesus’ Galilean ministry. Jesus traveled extensively throughout Palestine during His 3+ years of preaching the message of the Kingdom. Those ministries are as follows. (Taken from H.I. Hester’s, The Heart of the New Testament)  

  1. Jesus’ Early Ministry (lasted approx. 1 year, largely in Judea)
  2. The Galilean Ministry (lasted approx. 18 months)
  3. The Ministry of His Withdrawals (occurred over a period of about 3 months, primarily in Galilee)
  4. The Later Judean Ministry (lasted about three months)
  5. The Perean Ministry (“came in the winter and early spring as he made his way to Jerusalem for his crucifixion”)
  6. The Week Prior to His Passion
  7. His Condemnation and Death
  8. The Ministry Subsequent His Resurrection, Preceding His Ascension

Luke reveals how the rather significant following of Jesus, that lead to the Sermon on the Mount, was created.  

And he came down with them, and stood in the plain, and the company of his disciples, and a great multitude of people went out of all Judaea and Jerusalem, and from the sea coast of Tyre and Sidon, which came to hear him, and to be healed of their diseases; And they that were vexed with unclean spirits: and they were healed. And the whole multitude sought to touch him: for there went virtue out from him, and healed them all. And his lifted up his eyes on his disciples, and said… (Luke 6:17-20)  

If the accounts of Matthew 5-7 and Luke 6 are accounts of the same sermon, preached at the same time (I believe this to be the case. DRY), then the setting seems to have been on a level plain or plateau on the side of the mount. This would have created a natural amphitheatre affect. The mountain on which this sermon was delivered is thought to be the Kurun Hattin (“Horns of Hattin”), on the road from Nazareth to Tiberias (McClintock and Strong, Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature).  

About the mountain setting of Galilee, Matthew Henry stated,  

The place was a mountain in Galilee. As in other things, so in this, with all possible ease, honour, and state, and there corrupted the law; our Lord Jesus, the great Teacher of truth, is driven out to the desert, and finds no better pulpit that a mountain can afford; and not one of the holy mountains either, not one of the mountains of Zion, but a common mountain; by which Christ would intimate that there is no such distinguishing of holy places now, under the gospel, as there was under the law; but that it is the will of God that men should pray and preach everywhere, anywhere, provided it be decent and convenient. Christ preached this sermon, which was an exposition of the law, upon a mountain, because upon a mountain the law was given; and this was a solemn promulgation of the Christian law.  

The Impact of the Sermon on the Mount  

Nothing says more about the affect that The Sermon on the Mount had on those that heard it than what Matthew recorded in summation, “And it came to pass, when Jesus had ended these sayings, the people were astonished at his doctrine: For he taught them as one having authority, and not as the scribes” (Matthew 7:28-29).  

It wasn’t His speaking abilities that most affected the multitude, but rather it was His message. It was an authoritative message, something new as well as fresh. It wasn’t the new interpretation or spin on something old, as would have been the case when a scribe might offer a new perspective on Jewish law and tradition. Jesus’ message had substance to it, and it was the substance that mattered most.  

Let us remember that the substance of this great lesson, today, can produce awe in those that give it their attention. There is nothing quite like it. The cross might have been Jesus’ defining moment in life, but when considering His instructive ministry, The Sermon on the Mount is truly the pinnacle.  

Concerning the Beatitudes  

What so makes the Beatitudes stand out is their paradoxical nature. By paradoxical, I mean that they are seemingly contradictory.  

“Blessed” is translated from the Greek word makarios, which means “happy.” Happiness and poverty don’t normally go together. But then again, Christ was redefining certain concepts and ideas, as they would relate to the kingdom of heaven. In a spiritual context, such a contradiction of terms can compliment each other.  

Being blessed, in this sense, is how God views the person. Take for instance, Matthew 5:4, “Blessed are they that mourn; for they shall be comforted.” Naturally, in our sorrow we do not subjectively feel “happy” or “blessed.” But if we think in objective terms, from God’s vantage point, as well as from our vantage point for the long run, it will make sense. We are “blessed” whether we realize it or not. This kind of disposition says something about the child of God, and the benefit is for now, as well as for the future.  

The Beatitudes are not a magical formula, where if a child of God does “this” then “that” will come. The blessings of the Beatitudes are that in possessing the desired disposition, one has acquired the spiritual insight or benefit of being a citizen in God’s kingdom.  

The Importance of the Beatitudes  

Every faithful child of God will strive to live the Beatitudes on a daily basis. These are daily qualities of life. They are attitudes “to be.” They define who the child of God is.

Every faithful child of God is expected to manifest the qualities of the Beatitudes as a citizen of the heavenly kingdom. These qualities are not recommendations for living. When the totality of the New Testament is considered, it is found that these qualities are essential and integral to living the Christian life. We cannot merely pick and choose the ones we desire to incorporate into the fabric of our lives. In order to have one’s “conversation (manner of life/citizenship) in heaven” (Philippians 3:20), one must possess these qualities.  

In the Beatitudes, the dichotomy between “saint” and “sinner” are most clearly defined. While inhabiting the world, we must not live by the world. Sometimes we struggle with knowing whether or not something is worldly. The Beatitudes constitute a line of demarcation. These attitudes, truly, distinguish the child of God from one of the world.